Eczema and Dermatitis are terms used to describe skin inflammation. Dermatitis may be caused by exposure to chemicals in the environment. It may also be due to an underlying internal problem, where a tendency to allergy is not uncommon. Less commonly, dermatitis may be caused by generalised diseases e.g. immune disorders, vitamin deficiencies.

Irritant dermatitis is due to irritants which have breached the skin surface. Most work-related dermatitis is due to irritant dermatitis. Management involves the prevention of exposure to irritants. Acupuncture has an adjunctive role in reducing the body’s response to irritants.

Allergic contact dermatitis develops over a period of time, resulting in local skin reactions which can be intense. Substances which may evoke a reaction include metallic objects, cement, dyes, rubber and a whole range of plants. Management includes removal of the offending substance. Oral steroids may be required for controlling symptoms when they are severe. Acupuncture is a useful adjunct to relieving symptoms and settling the inflammation.

Atopic dermatitis is commonly known by the term “eczema”. It is associated with itching which can be intense, resulting in excoriation of skin. This is sometimes complicated by secondary infection. Blistering and oozing can occur especially in infants. In older people the problem tends to be more chronic with dry plaques of skin found around the neck, eyes, forehead and hands. A family history of hay-fever and asthma is common and many children develop these problems later. Triggering factors include extremes of heat or cold, temperature changes, woollens, soaps, greases and solvents.

Management includes identifying and eliminating triggering factors. Use of astringents in the acute phase is helpful. Topical and oral steroids as well as steroidal injections into the affected skin all have a place in the management of this problem. Antihistamines may not help the inflammation but helps with sleep at night. Antibiotics, antifungals and antivirals may be indicated for associated infections. Avoidance of soaps and shampoos, use of moisturisers and keeping the skin cool are general measures which will help. Although food has not been reported as a dominant factor in influencing outcomes, it would be prudent to avoid obvious irritants. Acupuncture has a very useful adjunctive role in the management of eczema.